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Chapter 1- Bounty Hunter: The Beginning; A YA Western


The stallion stood high on a ridge, his sleek black body glistening in the bright sunlight.  His position gave him a clear view of the valley below where his herd lazily grazed.  The thirty or so horses were confident he would alert them should any danger arise.  A soft wind blew across the stallion’s powerful body lifting his long black mane off of his heavily muscled neck.  He was all black except for a stripe of white hair running down the middle of his forehead between his dark intelligent eyes.  As he stood above the herd, his eyes alertly scanned the valley looking for any signs of danger.
     Suddenly, a billowing cloud of dust appeared in the distance.  As the cloud drew closer, the stallion’s keen gaze spotted its source.  The dust was being stirred up by the hooves of a large group of horses ridden by men intent on capturing his herd.  Alert to the danger, the powerful horse reared up on his hind legs and let out a cry of alarm.  As he thundered down the slope of the ridge toward his herd, he continued to sound his warning.
     The herd responded instantly.  The sound of thirty horses’ hooves pounding against the ground filled the air as they turned as one and followed their leader.  The stallion glanced over his shoulder.  The men on horseback were closer than they had first appeared.  He quickened his pace.  His muscles rippled with power as he led his herd away from their pursuers.
     They fled across the valley.  The men on horseback relentlessly followed.  The stallion turned the herd toward the canyon that ran to the east of the valley.  The canyon was full of twists and turns that were dangerous even for those who knew them well.
     Confident the men on horseback would not be able to keep up with them, the big horse led the herd quickly through the canyon.  This was their home.  They knew the twists and turns by heart.  He threw another glance over his shoulder.  His confidence grew as he noted that the men pursuing them were falling farther and farther behind them.
     As the herd rounded the next bend, the stallion slid to a sudden stop.  Six men on horseback sat in front of them blocking their path.  His nostrils flared in anger at the sudden appearance of the men.
     “There they are boys!” shouted one of the men.  “I told you they would come this way!”
     The big black reared up, showing his intimidating size.  Then he brought his front hooves down hard.  The sound of his hooves striking the ground echoed through the canyon.  He snorted his frustration.  He abruptly turned around and headed back into the canyon.
     The herd had only traveled a short distance, when they spotted another group of men moving toward them.  The stallion glanced back once more and saw the men behind them steadily advancing.
     He stopped.  The herd danced around him nervously, as they looked to their leader to tell them what to do next.  The stallion knew they were trapped.  As the men drew closer, he pawed at the ground stirring up dust in a show of aggression.  He flared his nostrils and snorted his warning.  His eyes flashed in anger.
     A big man astride a large buckskin moved to the front of the group and met the stallion’s eyes.  The man’s eyes reflected his confidence as he drew out a whip and cracked it with authority.  The big black took a quick glance at his herd.  Their sides heaved and their heads drooped in exhaustion.  Flecks of frothy sweat clung to their hides.  The run through the canyon had taken its toll.  He glanced back at the rider holding the whip.  He was confident he could force his way through the group of men, but he also knew his herd was too exhausted to follow him.
     The stallion’s eyes met the man with the whip’s eyes once more.  He saw the man’s challenge and wanted to meet it, but he knew it was not the best choice for his herd.  He dropped his gaze.  The man flashed a victorious grin and shouted, “Okay, boys, let’s turn ‘em toward home!”
     The men moved the herd out of the canyon and headed them west back across the valley.  They drove the herd for several miles.  By the time they reached the ranch, fatigue had slowed their pace to a walk.
     The sprawling ranch covered several hundred acres.  Pasture land filled with about one thousand head of cattle and a few hundred horses took up most of the acreage.  The main house sat at the ranch’s center.  It was an impressive two story white house with green shutters and a wraparound porch.  Several other buildings including two bunkhouses, two large barns, and the foreman’s cabin radiated out from the main house.
     The men moved the horses into a large corral.  The man who wielded the whip moved his horse to separate the stallion from the rest of the herd.  He moved him into a smaller corral adjacent to the larger one.  The big black trotted around the perimeter of the corral.  He snorted and tossed his head in agitation.
     “That sure is one beautiful horse,” declared one of the cowboys who had gathered to admire the stallion.  Several of the cowboys leaned against the corral fence watching the big black as he trotted past.
     “Yeah, Mr. Spencer is gonna love him,” replied Sam Baker, the ranch foreman, as he replaced his whip and exited the corral.  Then he added, “Better call it a night boys.  Tomorrow’s gonna be a long day.”
 

     The next morning, the cowboys gathered around the large corral eager to begin the day.  The sun was already beginning its climb into a cloudless sky.  It was going to be a great day for breaking horses.  The men’s faces shone with good humor and excitement.
     Two of the men stood a little apart from the rest of the group.
     “Look at that stallion, Jim.  He’s somethin’ ain’t he?”  The man who had spoken was tall and thin.  He wore a beat up old cowboy hat pushed back off his forehead revealing a shock of almost white hair.  His eyes were following the stallion as he pranced around his enclosure.
     “Yeah, Whitey, he’s somethin’ all right and I mean to make him mine,” answered Jim.  Jim stood a head shorter than Whitey.  He had coal black hair and a handlebar mustache.  The feature that set Jim apart was his eyes.  They were emerald green and they gleamed with an evil glint that made even the toughest of men give him a wide berth.
     “How you plannin’ to do that?” asked Whitey.  “You know Mr. Spencer’s gonna want him for his own.”
     “Mark my words.  That horse is mine,” replied Jim with a determined glint in his eyes.
     Whitey had been Jim’s partner since they pulled a bank job together as kids.  He knew that if Jim set his mind to having the stallion, then nothing was going to stand in his way.
     Just then, a tall broad shouldered man who carried himself with the air of a man accustomed to giving orders stepped up to the corral.
     “Okay, men,” the man said, addressing the group of cowboys gathered there.  “Go ahead and pick your mounts.  You can have any horse you can break, except for the big black.  He’s mine.”
     “Yes, sir, Mr. Spencer!” the men shouted.  Then they let out whoops of excitement as they clamored up to sit on the top rail of the corral.  Each man scanned the group of horses spotting the ones they hoped would still be available when their turn came around.  The men would choose their mounts based on seniority.
    Sam Baker stepped into the corral first.  He tossed his lariat around the neck of a big bay mare with four white stockings.  A murmur of approval went up from the men sitting on the fence.  The mare was a fine looking horse.
     Several men leaped into the corral to help Sam get the mare saddled.  One of the cowboys worked to get a rope halter around her head.  Another one threw a bandana over her eyes.  The two cowboys held her steady while the foreman threw a saddle on her back.
    The mare bucked and danced as the men worked to steady her.  After several minutes, they calmed her enough for Sam to vault onto her back.  As soon as his butt hit the saddle, the men jumped out of the way of the bucking horse.  The mare bunny hopped straight into the air and came down hard.  She immediately spun around and then kicked her back legs into the air.  The men shouted their excitement as they watched from their places on the fence.
     “Rider ‘er, Sam!” hollered one cowboy.
     “That’s it!  Keep ‘er movin’,” yelled another.
     Finally exhausted, the mare settled into a smooth trot.  The cowboys applauded the success of their foreman.
     “Okay, Jasper,” said Sam as he slid from the mare’s back.  “You’re up.”
     One by one the cowboys selected their mounts.  They spent the day breaking the horses.  Shouts of encouragement, grunts of pain, and dust filled the air as the horses kicked and bucked trying to dislodge the cowboys who rode them.  By the time darkness fell, both the men and the horses were exhausted.
     The stallion had relentlessly trotted around the corral throughout the day.  As the cowboys made their way into the bunkhouses, he finally came to an exhausted halt.  For several minutes, he stood in the middle of his small enclosure with his chest heaving from his exertion.  As the night grew darker, the stallion’s head dropped in sleep.
     “Now’s our chance, Whitey,” Jim whispered into the darkness.  “Crazy horse finally wore himself out.”
     Jim unlatched the corral gate.  He and Whitey crept slowly toward the big horse.  When they were within a few feet of him, the stallion suddenly jerked his head up.  Jim quickly tossed a rope around his neck as Whitey tossed a bag over his head.  The black stood frozen in terror by his sudden blindness.
     “We got ‘im, Jim!” Whitey exclaimed in excitement.
     “Shhh!” Jim responded angrily.  “You want to get us caught?”
     “Sorry, Jim.  I didn’t expect it to be so easy.  A stallion like this is usually a mean son-of-a-gun,” answered Whitey.
     “Let’s get ‘im outta here before someone hears us.”
     Jim led the big horse out of the corral.  As soon as they cleared the corral gate, Jim mounted his horse and tied the end of the rope holding the stallion to the pommel of his saddle.  Jim spurred his mount into a gallop as he and Whitey fled with the stallion in tow.
     With the bag over his head, the big black was helpless to do anything but run blindly alongside Jim’s horse.  Jim and Whitey rode through the night before finally slowing to a trot.  The sun was already high in the sky when they pulled to a stop at the edge of a small stream.  Jim reached over and pulled the bag off the stallion’s head.  He blinked rapidly as sunlight momentarily blinded him.
     “Hot dang, Jim!” exclaimed Whitey.  “We did it.  How long do you think it’ll be before Mr. Spencer comes lookin’ for us?”
     “I’m sure he’s discovered the horse’s missin’ by now.  He’s probably already after us,” replied Jim.  “The sooner we can find a buyer for this here stallion the better.  Now, the way I figure it, our best bet is to head toward Beacon.  I hear there’s some real money flowin’ through that town.  It’ll take us two days of hard ridin’ to get there, but I think it’s our best move.”
     “Okay, Jim.  You’re the brains of this outfit.  If that’s what you think, then I’m with ya,” replied Whitey.
     “All right, then, let’s water the horses and let ‘em catch their breath.  Then we better get goin’.  If Mr. Spencer catches us before we get rid of this stallion, he’ll hang us for sure,” said Jim.
     After a brief rest, Jim and Whitey remounted and spurred the horses back into a gallop.
 

     The next evening, Jim and Whitey slowly picked their way through a thick forest.  Dusk had fallen casting a gray haze over everything.  Whitey kept twisting in his saddle to cast quick glances back and forth.
     “What are you doin’?” asked Jim in irritation.  “You’re drivin’ me nuts with all that fidgetin’.”
     “Sorry, Jim.  These woods are spooky.  I keep thinkin’ I’m seein’ things.”
     “Well, cut it out, will ya?  You’re makin’ me edgy.”
     “I’ll try,” responded Whitey as he took another quick glance around.
     Jim growled in agitation and Whitey snapped his head back to the front.  He recognized the threat in that growl.  In this mood, Jim was more dangerous than anything that could be lurking in the shadows.
     Just then, they stepped out of the trees into a clearing.  A small cabin sat about fifty yards in front of them.  A creek ran around the back side of the cabin.  A small tendril of smoke drifted up out of the chimney.  Lamplight illuminated the small windows on each side of the front door.  At the sight of the cabin, Jim pulled to an abrupt halt.
     “Let’s go around,” whispered Jim.  “I don’t want to have to answer a bunch of questions about how we got our hands on such a nice lookin’ stallion.”
     Whitey nodded in agreement.
     Jim started to turn as the door to the cabin flew open.  A shadowy figure holding a rifle filled the doorway.  “Who’s there?” the shadow called.
     Jim took a moment to answer, indecision clearly written on his face.  Finally, making up his mind, he called in a friendly tone, “Hello!”
     Jim spurred his horse into a walk and slowly approached the cabin.  Whitey did the same.
     As they stepped closer, they could see the person framed in the doorway was a boy.  He wore clothes that were much too small for his large frame.  He stood about six feet tall and had the muscular build of someone accustomed to hard work.  His dark blond hair fell past his collar.  Wariness swam in his blue eyes as he watched them approach.  The boy looked to be about 16 years old.  He stood with his feet spread wide, his hands tightly gripping his rifle.  He glanced quickly from Jim to Whitey and then back to Jim, his gaze finally coming to rest on the stallion.
     Wanting to draw the boy’s attention away from the horse, Jim asked, “Your ma or pa around?”
     The boy swung his gaze back to Jim and tightened his grip on his rifle.  “No,” he replied, his eyes narrowing with suspicion.  “I don’t want any trouble, so why don’t you two just move along.”
     “Who said anything about trouble?” replied Jim in a shocked tone.  He flashed a friendly smile and continued, “We’re just lookin’ for someplace to bed down for the night.  If it’s all the same to you, we’ll throw our bedrolls down over there by the creek.”  Jim gestured toward the small creek that ran along the back of the cabin.  Flashing another smile, he said, “See, we won’t be any trouble at all.”
     The boy hesitated.  He clearly didn’t like the idea of Jim and Whitey staying on his land.  Finally, he gave a curt nod.  “All right, but I expect you to be gone by mornin’.”  He turned back into the cabin and closed the door.  They could hear the sound of a board sliding into place barring the door.
     Whitey and Jim exchanged a look, and then with a shrug walked the horses toward the creek.
     “We ain’t gonna let this chance slip through our fingers are we, Jim?” asked Whitey as they untied their bedrolls.  “A kid alone, that’s easy pickin’s.  There’s bound to be somethin’ of value inside that cabin.”
     “We’ll catch a few hours rest and in the mornin’ we’ll have us another talk with the youngster” replied Jim with a sneer.
     Whitey snickered in response.  Then they threw their bedrolls on the ground and settled in for the night.
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The Bengal Cat

If a cat that appears as though it has walked straight out of the wilderness and into civilization is what you want, then the Bengal cat fills that order. The Bengal cat is a hybrid breed produced by crossing the domestic cat with an Asian Leopard cat. The desire of such cross breeding is to produce a cat that looks wild, but has the temperament of a domestic cat.

Physical Body

The most distinct feature of the Bengal cat is its extremely soft, thick, and uniquely patterned coat. There are two distinct patterns recognized within the Bengal cat breed. Those are spotted and marbleized. The spotted coat is closest to its leopard ancestor, featuring leopard spots in varying shades of brown, rust, orange, sand, black, and gray. The marbleized coat is produced from the mixing of the Asian Leopard cat with a domestic tabby to produce splotches that look more like marble. In either case, the Bengal cat has a look that is both strikingly beautiful and wild.

Other than the coat, another distinguishing feature that sets it apart from other cats is its muscular body, more prominent in males than females. Bengal cats are very athletic, sleek, and muscular.

Temperament

The Bengal cat loves to be part of the family. They love to interact and play. This is not to say they will not seek out a soft chair or lap in which to lie for a nap, but for the majority of the day they are very active cats. Being a high energy cat, they are not for someone looking for a docile animal to lounge around the house and look pretty.

The exotic heritage of this cat makes it unique both in look and personality. Even though it takes five generations of Bengal-to-Bengal breeding to produce a line recognized as a Bengal cat, these felines have a wild ancestral heritage and some of those instincts can still be seen in late generations through their extreme intelligence, high energy, and innate curiosity. This is a cat that loves to play and will demand interaction with their owners but in a way that is most pleasant. Some Bengals can even be trained to walk on a leash and play fetch. It's also reported by some owners that their Bengals love water and will shower with them.

Due to the wild ancestral line of the Bengal, careful selective breeding practices are implemented by high quality Bengal cat breeders to ensure that the docile temperament of the domesticated ancestors is dominant.

Common Medical Problems

As with any breed of cat or dog, certain medical problems seem to be more commonplace than others. For the Bengal, the most common health problems seen by veterinarians are as follows:

Progressive Retinal Atrophy - This problem eventually causes blindness. There is no way to screen for this problem, so there is no way for a breeder to tell if a kitten will have problems later on.

Cataracts - Thickening and clouding of the eye lens, causing loss of vision over a period of time and eventual blindness. This problem can be reversed since cataract surgery is available for cats.

Cardiomyopathy - This covers both thickening of the heart muscles and thinning of the heart muscles, both causing very poor circulation. Cats stricken with this condition can appear healthy for a very long time and then suddenly appear very ill.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease - This is a condition in which an infection is present within the digestive tract. The symptoms of this condition are typically vomiting and diarrhea. Any Bengal showing symptoms should be taken to the veterinarian immediately to avoid dehydration.

Food Poisoning - Bengals have especially sensitive stomachs. For this reason, their diets should be carefully monitored and table scraps should never be on the menu.

One medical problem you'll never have to worry about with the Bengal cat and possibly their most fascinating feature is they possess an apparent immunity to feline leukemia. This is an inherited trait that the Bengal cat received from its ancestor the Asian Leopard cat.

Bengal cats are one of the most interesting breeds in existence today. From their wild markings to their playful and loving demeanor, Bengal's are an absolute joy to have around the house, especially in a household with children. If a cat who acts more like a family member is desired, the Bengal cat is a great choice.

Velita Livingston is the founder of the Cat Lover's Diary blob which provides rich content with great advice on cat care tips and cat training, teaching pet owners how to protect, pamper and live peacefully with their pets. Visit the http://www.catloversdiary.com to watch the Cat Lover's Diary Movie, it contains breathtaking images and heartwarming quotes... It will uplift and inspire you! You can also visit the Cat Lover's Diary on Facebook and Twitter.
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Pet Health Tip #29- Hypothyroidism

Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and Miniature Schnauzers are the breeds most commonly found to develop hypothyroidism.  The thyroid gland is found in the throat.  Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland is not producing enough thyroid hormone.  Symptoms of hypothyroidism in dogs are similar to those seen in people.  The dog will have excessive weight gain.  The skin will be dry and flaky.  The hair becomes brittle and falls out easily.  There may be areas of hair loss (alopecia), especially on chest, neck, and body.  Often times the dog will also have a very low energy level.
Diagnosis is through a blood tests that measure the level of thyroid hormone and function of the thyroid gland. 
Treatment includes hormone replacement therapy.  Dogs do very well on thyroid medication.  The dose of medication needed varies and your dog will need to have their thyroid levels checked regularly to ensure they are on the right dose of medication.  Once started on the medication, the dogs will do very well and can lead long and happy lives.
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5 star review of FRIENDS FOR LIFE by Beachbound Books

Friends for Life
~Written by Billi Tiner
Friends for Life by Billi Tiner is a touching tale of two puppies who are brought together by chance and vow to be friends forever.

When Bo, a bulldog, is sold to a pet store by his owner he is terrified and longs to be with his mother. But, as luck may have it Bo meets Rico, a Chihuahua puppy, and the two become fast friends. The puppies are excited about finding forever homes, however, their hopes are dashed when dognappers break into the pet store to steal Bo. Rico begins barking in order to save his friend and finds himself dognapped as well. Bo and Rico work together and are able to escape, but are far away from the comfort of the pet store. Now that the puppies are on their own they must learn how to survive all the dangers that await them. They soon learn that they can overcome any obstacles as long as they stick together.

Billi Tiner is a gifted story teller and her book Friends for Life does not disappoint.

Young readers will discover what it means to be a true friend as well as find humor in the crazy escapades of two young pups as they learn to survive on their own in this great big world.

I recommend reading Friends for Life as well as Welcome Home, the book in which Bo and Rico are first introduced.

Both books are available at www.amazon.com.
 
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Pet Health Tip #28- Congestive Heart Failure


Blood flows into the right side of the heart.  The right side heart chamber then pumps the blood into the lungs where it picks up oxygen.  The blood then flows into the left side of the heart where it is pumped back out into the body.  As the blood flows into the different chambers of the heart, valves close behind it to ensure that the blood continues to flow in the correct direction when the heart pumps.  The sound that is heard when listening to the heart is the sound of the valves slamming shut.

If the valves do not operate properly, then some of the blood will be pushed backwards.  If the valve that closes behind the blood flowing into the right side of the heart fails, then blood will back up into the liver and abdomen and cause “ascites”.  If the valve that closes behind the blood flowing into the left side of the heart fails, then blood will back up into the lungs.

Congenital heart disease can occur in any size dog.  Typically, the heart valves do not form properly, leading to failure to function properly.  The valves don’t seal the openings and therefore, you can hear the blood leaking through the valve making a whooshing sound.  This sound is referred to as a murmur.  This can be diagnosed by using a stethoscope to listen to the heart.  Many dogs can live for years with a murmur without developing CHF.

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is one of the most common diseases that affects dogs.  CHF can occur in both large and small breed dogs although the underlying causes vary significantly.  In small breed dogs, the most common cause is chronic dental disease.  The bacteria in the mouth set up residence on the heart valves.  Eventually, the valve begins to thicken and function improperly, leading to CHF.  In large breed dogs, the most common underlying cause is due to the heart being overworked.  This leads to thickening of the heart wall and the failure of the heart to properly pump the blood.  Severe heartworm infestations can lead to CHF in any sized dog.

Symptoms of CHF depend on which side of the heart that is affected.  Right sided CHF will lead to ascites.  If the blood is being backed up into the abdomen, then the belly will start to fill with fluid and become distended.  If the blood is being backed up into the liver, then you can start to see signs of liver failure (jaundice, vomiting, loss of appetite, etc).

Left sided CHF will lead to blood being backed up into the lung.  The dog can wheeze or cough.  The cough is often times productive, meaning that they cough up fluid.

With both types of CHF, the dog will have a decrease in energy and possibly a loss of appetite.

Treatment of CHF also depends on the underlying cause.  It can include medication to increase heart muscle contractions, diuretics to draw the extra fluid out of the lungs, liver, or abdomen, and a special diet.
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Heated Cat Beds Help Outdoor Cats Survive Winter Temperatures

Cold temperatures can be difficult even for the healthiest of pets. Prolonged expose to the cold for a cat can result in frost bite, hypothermia, and possibly even death. Additionally, the stress on the body caused by prolonged exposure to the cold will reduces the life expectancy of a cat living in the outdoors. Some people are fooled into thinking that just because a cat has a thick fur coat they will be safe from the effect of prolonged cold temperatures. But their fur coat is simply not enough to keep them sufficiently warm during winter temperatures. The overall best practice is to just keep your cat inside during the winter. But, if the situation is such that the cat you are trying to protect is completely outside, here are a few suggestions and practices that will help.

1. Dry, warm shelter is paramount. If a human were left outside in the cold to survive for an extended period of time, one of the first things he would need to find in order to survive would be dry, warm shelter. The same is true for a cat trying to survive cold temperatures. Providing the cat full-time access to a garage, shed or barn is a great start. If this is not possible than providing an insulated cat house placed in a nook away from the weather elements is another good option. The house should be small in size, i.e., just large enough for perhaps two-three cats to go inside and turn around. The small size will help to conserve body heat. The house should also utilize insulation with a high R-value sandwiched in the walls, roof and floor. It is suggested that the interior seams of the house also be sealed so that moisture does not find its way in. The door of the house should be oriented away from the elements such as wind, rain, snow and sleet. A clear path should always be kept to avoid the cat becoming potentially snow bound.

But no matter the shelter that you choose to provide, the cat will also need to be supplied with ample bedding in order to stay warm. A thick bedding of cedar chips or straw can suffice. Blankets and towels are definitely not recommended since once they are wet; they become cold and very difficult to dry. The best option for outdoor shelter venues whether it is a garage, covered porch, barn, shed or cat house is an outdoor heated cat bed. These beds are made of soft PVC and do not absorb water, always providing comfortable warmth even in below freezing temperatures. They also use very low wattage and are efficient. A heated cat bed not only can give you some piece of mind, but it will become your kitty's favorite spot, knowing it will have warmth and comfort from those harsh winter temperatures. It will become their haven, their rescue from an inhospitable temperature environment.

2. Provide and maintain plenty of water. A constant supply of clean, unfrozen water is very important to minimize the risk of dehydration.. The water source should be protected from the elements or heated to prevent freezing. Low-wattage heated bowls work very well as a solution in making certain unfrozen water is always available. As a lower budget option, you can use spray foam insulation on the underside of a deep plastic water bowl. This will help slow the freezing process, but will not eliminate it. So make sure warm water is placed in the bowl regularly.

3. Provide plenty of food. As with any physically body, whether it is human or animal, high levels of calories are burned by the body in just keeping itself warm. So make sure an ample supply of nutritious food is provided. Cats that spend time outside simply need more to eat. Feeding on a regular schedule is also important. Your cat will come to expect the food and will be waiting for it; therefore the food will spend less time in the cold. Ideally, you can provide your cat with a simple feeding station that includes a roof and sides so that your cat will be protected from the elements while it dines.

Cats need protection from the dangers of winter temperatures. Of course, keeping your cat indoors is always the safest and most effective way to promote their good health. But if your cat is going to have prolonged exposure to the cold it is imperative to provide dry shelter and a constant source of warmth which is best provided by a heated pet bed. Keep in mind that if the weather is too cold for you to comfortably spend long period of time outside, then it is probably too cold for your cat as well.

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Pet Health Tip #27- Anti-Freeze Poisoning


Ethylene Glycol (anti-freeze) is highly toxic to pets.  It is one of the most common types of poisonings.  Cats have an especially low tolerance.  It has a sweet taste that pets love, so if it is available, they will drink it.  Pets usually gain access to Ethylene Glycol through spills, leaks, or improperly sealed containers.

Early symptoms of toxicity (usually within 30 minutes to a few hours) include: Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, a wobbly gait, head tremors, rapid eye movement, increased urination, and thirst.

Advanced symptoms include: severe depression, dehydration, coma, seizures, oral ulcers, and death

Symptoms are dependent on amount of Ethylene Glycol consumed.  The toxicity is caused by the metabolites that are released as the body tries to breakdown the Ethylene Glycol.  These metabolites are toxic to the liver, nervous system, and kidneys.  The sooner the animal is started on treatment the more likely the Ethylene Glycol can be filtered out of the body before causing damage.  If you have any suspicion that your pet has consumed Ethylene Glycol, DON’T WAIT.  Get them to your veterinarian immediately.  Once organ damage has occurred, treatment is much more intense and the chances of recovery are severely diminished.
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7 Tips to Entice Your Cat to Drink More Water

Most cat owners can attest to the fact that cats are finicky. They will only eat certain kinds of food out of a certain type of bowl. What many people don't realize is that this rule applies to water as well. In general, cats do not drink enough water and this can lead to various health problems, but these problems can be avoided simply by observing the likes and dislikes of a feline with regards to water preferences.

To entice a cat to drink more water takes a little trial and error, but once the magical combination is found, a cat owner should have no problem with their cat remaining hydrated. Below are seven tips to encourage your furry friend to drink up!

1. Water Type
Many people think water is water, but this is not entirely true. There are various types of water from tap water to distilled to mineral. Each cat will have their own preference. Try putting out several bowls of different types of water and see which one they prefer, but make sure all the bowls are identical, as this can be a factor as well in whether or not a cat will drink.

2. Bowls
The type of bowl makes a huge difference. Stainless steel or ceramic will have the highest rate of success. Plastic is a porous material and tends to soak up odor. While a human may not be able to smell it, a cat will and may not want to drink it thinking the water is tainted. One must remember that cats are generally very picky about cleanliness.

3. Cleanliness
Water bowls should be cleaned with hot soapy water on a daily basis. Nobody likes to drink out of a dirty glass. It's logical to believe a cat does not enjoy it either.

4. Placement
Cats also have a preference of where they want their water placed. Try placing several bowls throughout the house and see which ones show signs of having been used.

5. Multiple Cats
Having multiple cats in the home means having multiple food bowls, but it also means having multiple water bowls as well. Smelling another cat around their water bowl can deter the desire to drink water. Nobody likes drinking after another human being and cats do not like drinking after another cat either.

6. Food Additive
Until a cat owner is able to find the best way to encourage their cat to drink water, it may be necessary to use it as a food additive to ensure the cat stays hydrated. Water can be added to either dry or wet food. A bowl of water may also be "flavored" by adding chicken broth or some tuna juice. Normally a cat that will not drink water will go after a bowl of watered down broth.

7. Running Water
If all else fails, chances are the feline is one that prefers running water. It must be an instinct from the wild to prefer running water as opposed to stagnant, but many cat owners report their cats will only drink running water. To check the cats' preference, simply turn on a faucet part way (high water pressure will most likely scare the poor thing) and place the cat next to the sink. There is a good chance the cat will investigate it cautiously at first and then start to drink. If the cat enjoys this, it will be obvious when they begin jumping up to the faucet and trying to drink without the water running. If they do indeed seem to like getting their water this way, a pet drinking fountain may be purchased to facilitate this.

The Importance of Hydration
Feline dehydration can be caused by many different factors from lack of available drinking water to illness. It's extremely important to ensure a cat doesn't become dehydrated, especially for those felines afflicted by diabetes or renal failure, as those two illnesses in particular cause increased urination which in turn causes increased risk for dehydration. The symptoms of dehydration are constipation, lethargy, dry mouth, sunken eyes, increased heart rate, poor skin elasticity, and poor capillary refill time. There are two tests an owner can perform to check for skin elasticity and capillary refill.

To check skin elasticity, grasp some skin at the base of the neck and then release. If the skin does not spring back immediately, the feline is in a state of dehydration.

To check capillary refill time, press a finger against the cats gum. Once the finger is removed, a white spot will be present. Time how long it takes for the white spot to turn pink again. It should only take one to two seconds. If it takes longer than that, the cat is dehydrated.

Enough cannot be said about ensuring a feline remains hydrated. A cat stuck inside a home or apartment 24/7 without water to drink that they enjoy, can easily lead to a state of dehydration. It's extremely important to monitor a cat's rate of water consumption and, if low, take measures to improve that rate. Dehydration can greatly shorten a feline's life, but it's normally a very preventable problem that only takes a little observation and trial and error to correct.

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Pet Health Tip #26- Rat Poison


One of the common problems with fall and winter is as the weather cools, mice decided to set up residence in our homes, garages, barns, etc.  So, I thought I would put out a word of warning about the dangers of rat bait to pets.  Most rat poisons contain anticoagulants.  These work by stopping the synthesis of Vitamin K.  Vitamin K is essential for clotting to occur.  These poisons are not picky about who ingests them, meaning they will cause the same effect whether it is a rat, a dog, or a who eats it.  The rat poison smells good and with your pet’s keen sense of smell, it doesn’t take them long to find it, no matter how well you think you have hidden it.

Many times it is several days after the pet ingests the poison before they start showing symptoms.  Early symptoms include: Vomit/diarrhea that contains blood, bloody nasal discharge, and pale gums.  As the poisoning takes more effect the symptoms will progress to severe anemia which will cause weakness, lethargy, loss of appetite, internal bleeding into the chest or abdomen, and eventually death.

Outdoor pets are at greatest risk for rat poison ingestion.  They can come in contact with it in a barn, neighbors trash, or by ingesting a rat who has been poisoned.  If you catch your pet in the act of eating rat poison, you'll need to induce vomiting.  Use a needleless syringe or even a turkey baster to squirt 3% hydrogen peroxide solution into the back of your pet's mouth.  Give between one and two teaspoons of solution for every ten pounds of weight.  Give the hydrogen peroxide, then wait five or ten minutes to see if your pet vomits. If he does, take him to the vet right away. If not, administer another dose.  REMEMBER- inducing vomiting is ONLY for immediate treatment.  For acute ingestion, the typical treatment includes giving Vitamin K.  However, if you are seeing the symptoms listed above, then it is important to get your pet to the veterinarian to start emergency treatment.  This may include whole blood or plasma transfusions to restore the blood volume.

 Not all rat poisons are toxic to pets.  Will help your veterinarian to determine the best treatment options, if you can bring the package with you on your visit.
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Skin Allergies In Cats - Overcoming Them The Holistic Way

Skin allergies in cats are not uncommon. Their incidence is rising. An allergy is a hypersensitivity to something, which the immune system is unable to deal with. Usually the allergy is to an external, or environmental factor, or allergen.

These factors can be the same as in anyone such as dust, pollen, plants, food ingredients, insect bites, insecticides, toxins in the environment, etc. Some are seasonal.

The main symptoms of skin allergies in cats is an increased or continual licking and constant scratching. Obviously there is an extreme itch going on that we can't see or feel. Common areas are the groin, the base of the tail and the sides.

Skin allergies are often called atopic dermatitis. They can be mild or severe and anything in between. Severe allergies can result in the cat self harming in their desperate attempt to ease the itch.

The factors which lead to skin allergies in cats are only the stimulants. They are not the cause. The real cause is an area that doesn't appear on the veterinary horizon, for a variety of reasons, which are beyond the scope of this article.

Vaccinations are known to be one of the main causes of allergies. Most people believe that by vaccinating their cat against the common feline diseases, they are improving the health of their cat. Nothing could be further from the truth.

Let's look at the common ingredients in vaccines. Depending on the species and the vaccine, these will vary, but the common ingredients include:

    thimerosal - a mercury derivative
    formaldehyde - a strong preservative used to embalm dead bodies
    aluminium salts - considered linked to alzheimers disease
    phenol - a derivative from coal tar
    various animal cells, proteins or DNA - cross species and ethical issues
    monosodium glutamate - known for many health related problems
    aspartame - known for many health related issues
    sorbitol - an alcohol
    hydrolised protein - hydrolising is a known health hazard

Injecting these directly into the blood of any animal creates an immediate immune response. However, this is not a healthy response, as all the normal, subtle paths have been bypassed. Instead, the immune response is not unlike when bitten by a poisonous snake.

Many cats do become resistant to that particular strain of that particular disease, but this comes at a price. The immune system takes a tumble. This means that overall your cat is less healthy.

A common side effect of vaccines is allergies, but they don't stop there. Here are a couple of statements from medical doctors, which you may find interesting. The same applies to veterinary vaccines.

Rebecca Carley M.D - "If children receive all recommended vaccines, they will receive 2,370 times the "allowable safe limit" for mercury in the first two years of life (as if there is such a thing as a "safe" amount of a toxic poison)."

Russell L. Blaylock M D Neurosurgeon - "Most have at least heard about the controversy surrounding possible harmful effects of some of the vaccines. What is less well known is that even greater dangers exist than are being conveyed to the general public. Much of this information is buried in highly technical scientific journals beyond the reach and understanding of the average person."

There are other, far safer ways to prevent your cat from getting disease. The first thing is to ensure you take care of their immune system, This is the key to health. And there are three important ways to do this:

    quality, natural, nutritious food
    healthy lifestyle
    holistic health care

You can learn more about this by clicking on the link below
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Pet Health Tip #25- "Puppy Hair Loss"


There are a several different underlying causes of hair loss in puppies.  I am only going to address a few of them.

Patchy hair loss with associated pruritus (itchiness):  The most common cause for this is fleas.  However, this can also be caused by the Sarcoptes mites.  This is often referred to as “Sarcoptic Mange.”  Infestation with Sarcoptes mites causes severe pruritus.  The puppies will scratch constantly.  Because of the constant scratching, and the damage that it does, the puppies often also develop a bacterial skin infection.  These puppies will have red, crusty skin lesions in addition to the hair loss.  Sarcoptes lives on the skin, and treatment for the mite is usually topical.  However, due to the skin infection, the puppies will often also need to take antibiotics.  Sarcoptes mites easily transfer to other pets, and can cause itchiness in people as well.  They don’t infest humans, meaning they don’t set up permanent residence on our skin.  However, they will bite us if given the chance.

Patchy hair loss without pruritus:  There are two common causes for these symptoms in puppies.  The first is Ringworm.  I discussed the details of Ringworm in a previous post.  The second common cause is another mite called Demodex.  This is often referred to as “Demodectic Mange.”  These mites live in the skin.  They do not typically cause pruritus, so the puppies don’t usually scratch.  The treatment for demodectic mange is oral, and usually requires a long treatment therapy.  However, it is not contagious to other pets or people.  The puppies actually obtain the mite from their mother, during nursing.  In addition, there is a genetic component that determines whether or not the animal will have any symptoms associated with the infestation.
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Sureflap Microchip Cat Flap For Your Home

As a nation of cat lovers, we all know how much our cats like to come and go and have their own freedom and space, generally doing as they please and we as their owners like to fulfill those wishes. Cat flaps are a way of ensuring your pet can have his or her freedom, while at the same time keeping the home secure.

Many cats go off on their adventures, playing with others, marking out their territory and all sorts of fun exploring, but when the cat decides its time to return home to its family, what you do not want is him or her bringing their mates back home with them. There has been many a time that cat owners have returned home to find that they have acquired an extra cat in their home, due to the cheeky newcomer using the cat flap for the resident pet.

This can sometimes cause problems between cats such as; your pet may get territorial with the other cat and mark territory or even have a scuffle, the other cat may be not be neutered which could be a problem if yours are not neutered either, the newcomer may not be house trained and could cause destruction, plus many more other important concerns.

The answer to this problem is to purchase a Sureflap Microchip Cat Flap which is completely unlike the normal pet flaps. This invention has a Sureflap microchip, which is an innovative work of art and it really does show how advanced technology has become these days. How it works is very simple; Once this is set into learn mode, you should ensure your cat passes through it, once he or she has passed all the way through and is out the other side, the special microchip technology in the device will save your cats personal microchip I.D. into the built in memory, by doing this it ensures that the flap will only allow access to your very own cats inside the home which ensures the problem is solved. The benefits of this microchip design are, the cat flap fitting is easy, as it will fit most standard doors, walls and windows, it also has a magnetic latch, which will ensure that other daring felines cannot successfully open the microchip cat flap and roam free around your house.

This Sureflap cat flap also works if you own quite a few cats, as up to a whopping 32 ID's can be stored, so it is very economical, especially if you own more than one mini tiger! It is compatible with your cats own existing microchip, which means that your cat doesn't have to wear a special tag or collar to enable this system to work. As well as looking smart and modern this product really does the required job of being a secure electronic cat flap very well and you can rest assured that there will be no more unexpected visitors sitting on your couch when you return home.

Whatever shape, size or breed we have everything in our pet store to satisfy even the most demanding, four legged diva in your household. We understand how important it is to not only have the latest cat toy, or the trendiest dog collar, but also to make sure the boring bits are covered.
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